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Le programme initialement annoncé a été modifié puisque nous aurons l'opportunité et le plaisir exceptionnel d'entendre deux collègues de centres de recherche cubains qui seront en France ces jours-ci :
Predicting treatment success in cancer immunotherapy: A causal inference approach.
Some cancer immunotherapies lead to durable long-term survival in a small percentage of treated patients. Therefore, determining which patients will benefit most from treatment is a major challenge. This study uses a causal inference approach to evaluate predictors of the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. First, a causal inference model is used to describe the relationship between pretreatment predictors and individual treatment effects. Subsequently, the causal predictive information metric (PCI) is introduced to quantify the information that pretreatment predictors convey about treatment effects. The methodology is applied to identify predictors of treatment success of the Cuban vaccine CIMAvax-EGF in advanced lung cancer. In addition, a two-component Weibull mixture survival model was used to estimate and compare the proportion of long-term survival between selected treated and control patients. Patients classified as good responders according to the selected causal model (PCI > 0.74) had a significantly longer observed survival time compared to the control group. The study underlines the potential of the methodology used for personalized medicine in cancer immunotherapy.
Field experiments evaluating irradiated Aedes aegypti males for the Sterile Insect Technique
Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease, poses a significant public health threat. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an environmentally friendly method for controlling mosquito populations, that promises to become an alternative to traditional management tools based on pesticides. Field experiments were conducted involving the open release of irradiated male Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Havana, Cuba. Mark-release-recapture (MRR) trials showed an estimation of dispersion, survival, and mating competitiveness of the sterile mosquitoes under natural conditions, as well as the abundance of wild populations in the study area. The parameters for SIT implementation were set up based on MRR results. A pilot study assessed the efficacy of SIT under real-world conditions in a suburb of Havana, Cuba. The sterile mosquitoes induced a significant degree of sterility in the wild population, leading to a reduction in field populations by approximately 18 weeks. The experiments represent a strong piece of evidence to demonstrate the feasibility of SIT as a tool for Aedes aegypti control. The findings obtained open new perspectives for the development and optimization of this Aedes aegypti control strategy. Advanced studies are ongoing to evaluate the epidemiological impact of SIT on dengue incidence.
Si vous souhaitez participer à distance, voici le lien Teams de la séance : https://orsay.bbb.cnrs.fr/b/cor-sro-cqc-yyr.
Le prochain et dernier séminaire de l'année académique aura lieu le 14 juin 2024.
